Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen gezeigt.
Beide Seiten, vorherige Überarbeitung Vorherige Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorherige Überarbeitung | ||
lpi1:syslog [2014/07/17 10:12] stefan_miethke [Doku] |
lpi1:syslog [2025/04/04 07:43] (aktuell) |
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Zeile 1: | Zeile 1: | ||
- | ====== syslog ====== | + | ====== rsyslog ====== |
Beispiel: Logdaten von einem Rechner auf den nächsten übertragen | Beispiel: Logdaten von einem Rechner auf den nächsten übertragen | ||
- | |||
===== Zielrechner: ===== | ===== Zielrechner: ===== | ||
Zielrechner netzwerkfähig machen: | Zielrechner netzwerkfähig machen: | ||
+ | Passende Nachrichten in Datei ''/var/log/beispiel'' schreiben: | ||
- | ''/etc/sysconfig/syslog'' : ( Centos 5 ) | + | === Debian, CentOS, Ubuntu === |
+ | ''/etc/rsyslog.d/10-remote.conf'': ( debian 5.0, centos 6.0, ubuntu 18.04 ) | ||
<file> | <file> | ||
- | SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0 -r" | + | $ModLoad imudp |
- | </file> | + | $UDPServerRun 514 |
+ | $template RemoteHost,"/var/log/remote/%HOSTNAME%.log" | ||
- | ''/etc/sysconfig/syslog'': ( openSuSE 11.1 ) | + | local5.info ?RemoteHost |
- | <code bash> | + | |
- | SYSLOGD_PARAMS="-r" | + | |
- | </code> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ''/etc/default/syslogd'': ( debian 4.0 ) | + | |
- | <code bash> | + | |
- | SYSLOGD="-r" | + | |
- | </code> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Passende Nachrichten in Datei '/var/log/beispiel' schreiben: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ''/etc/syslog.conf'' : | + | |
- | <file> | + | |
- | local5.info -/var/log/beispiel | + | |
</file> | </file> | ||
- | Syslog neu starten: | + | Syntax der Konfigurationsdatei überprüfen: |
- | /etc/init.d/sysklogd restart | + | rsyslogd -N1 |
- | + | ((http://www.rsyslog.com/how-can-i-check-the-config/ )) | |
- | ===== Absender-Rechner: ===== | + | |
- | /etc/syslog.conf: | + | |
- | local5.info @zielrechner | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Syslog neu einlesen: | + | |
- | /etc/init.d/sysklogd restart | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Testen: Meldung abschicken: | + | |
- | logger -p local5.info "Testmeldung" | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ====== rsyslog ====== | + | |
- | Beispiel: Logdaten von einem Rechner auf den nächsten übertragen | + | |
- | ===== Zielrechner: ===== | + | |
- | Zielrechner netzwerkfähig machen: | + | |
- | Passende Nachrichten in Datei ''/var/log/beispiel'' schreiben: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Debian, CentOS === | + | |
- | ''/etc/rsyslog.conf'': ( debian 5.0, centos 6.0 ) | + | |
- | <file> | + | |
- | $ModLoad imudp | + | |
- | $UDPServerRun 514 | + | |
- | local5.info -/var/log/beispiel | + | |
- | </file> | + | |
Syslog neu starten: | Syslog neu starten: | ||
Zeile 58: | Zeile 23: | ||
=== SuSE === | === SuSE === | ||
- | ''/etc/rsyslog.d/remote.conf'': ( sles 11 SP 1 ) | + | ''/etc/rsyslog.d/remote.conf'': ( openSuSE Leap 15.6 ) |
<file> | <file> | ||
- | $ModLoad imudp | + | # ######### Receiving Messages from Remote Hosts ########## |
- | $UDPServerRun 514 | + | # TCP Syslog Server: |
- | </file> | + | # provides TCP syslog reception and GSS-API (if compiled to support it) |
- | ''/etc/rsyslog.conf'': ( debian 5.0 ) | + | # see https://www.rsyslog.com/receiving-messages-from-a-remote-system |
+ | module(load="imtcp") | ||
+ | input(type="imtcp" port="514" Address="0.0.0.0") | ||
- | <file> | + | # UDP Syslog Server: |
- | local5.info -/var/log/beispiel | + | module(load="imudp") |
+ | input(type="imudp" port="514" Address="0.0.0.0") | ||
</file> | </file> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Syntax der Konfigurationsdatei überprüfen:((http://www.rsyslog.com/how-can-i-check-the-config/ )) | ||
+ | |||
+ | rsyslogd -N1 | ||
Syslog neu starten: | Syslog neu starten: | ||
- | /etc/init.d/syslog restart | + | |
+ | systemctl restart syslog | ||
===== Absender-Rechner: ===== | ===== Absender-Rechner: ===== | ||
Zeile 79: | Zeile 52: | ||
Syslog neu einlesen: | Syslog neu einlesen: | ||
- | /etc/init.d/rsyslog restart | + | service rsyslog restart |
Testen: Meldung abschicken: | Testen: Meldung abschicken: | ||
logger -p local5.info "Testmeldung" | logger -p local5.info "Testmeldung" | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Über's Netz direkt an syslog-Server: | ||
+ | logger -p local5.info -n notebook03 --tcp --port 514 "tcp test" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== property based filter ===== | ||
+ | Auf dem Zielrechner: | ||
+ | <file /etc/rsyslog.d/45-remote-filter.conf> | ||
+ | |||
+ | :syslogtag, isequal, "ingo:" /var/log/ingo.log | ||
+ | & ~ # in der vorherigen Zeile ausgegebene Meldungen nicht erneut ausgeben | ||
+ | :source , !isequal , "notebook02" ~ | ||
+ | </file> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
====== syslog-ng ====== | ====== syslog-ng ====== | ||
Zeile 170: | Zeile 158: | ||
====== Doku ====== | ====== Doku ====== | ||
- | * Facility: | + | Jede Logmeldung besitzt eine __priority__\\ |
- | ''auth, authpriv, cron, daemon, ftp, kern, lpr, mail, mark, news, security (same as auth), syslog, user, uucp and local0'' bis ''local7'' | + | die sich zusammensetzt aus einer __facility__ und einem __level__:\\ |
- | * Level: | + | prio=fac.level |
+ | ==== Facility ==== | ||
+ | Nicht jedes Linux/Unix hat alle Facilities: | ||
+ | <file> | ||
+ | Facility Description | ||
+ | ---------------------------- | ||
+ | auth/security Activity related to requesting name and password (getty, su, login) | ||
+ | authpriv Same as auth but logged to a file that can only be read by selected users | ||
+ | console Used to capture messages that would generally be directed to the system console | ||
+ | cron Messages from the cron system scheduler | ||
+ | daemon System daemon catch-all | ||
+ | ftp Messages relating to the ftp daemon | ||
+ | kern Kernel messages | ||
+ | local0.local7 <Local facilities defined per site | ||
+ | lpr Messages from the line printing system | ||
+ | mail Messages relating to the mail system | ||
+ | mark Pseudo event used to generate timestamps in log files | ||
+ | news Messages relating to network news protocol (nntp) | ||
+ | ntp Messages relating to network time protocol | ||
+ | syslog Syslog service | ||
+ | user Regular user processes | ||
+ | uucp UUCP subsystem | ||
+ | </file> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Level (Severity) ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <file> | ||
+ | 0 emerg Emergency condition, such as an imminent system crash, usually broadcast to all users | ||
+ | 1 alert Condition that should be corrected immediately, such as a corrupted system database | ||
+ | 2 crit Critical condition, such as a hardware error | ||
+ | 3 err Ordinary error | ||
+ | 4 warning Warning | ||
+ | 5 notice Condition that is not an error, but possibly should be handled in a special way | ||
+ | 6 info Informational message | ||
+ | 7 debug Messages that are used when debugging programs | ||
+ | none Pseudo level used to specify not to log messages. | ||
+ | </file> | ||
''debug, info, notice, warning, warn (same as warning), err, error (same as err), crit, alert, emerg, panic (same as emerg)'' | ''debug, info, notice, warning, warn (same as warning), err, error (same as err), crit, alert, emerg, panic (same as emerg)'' | ||