Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen gezeigt.
|
admin_grundlagen:x [2015/05/07 08:24] |
admin_grundlagen:x [2023/11/17 07:24] (aktuell) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Zeile 1: | Zeile 1: | ||
| + | ====== X Window System ====== | ||
| + | ===== X Server ===== | ||
| + | ==== Konfiguration ==== | ||
| + | Nach Graphikkarten suchen: | ||
| + | X -scanpci | ||
| + | Vorhandene Treiber anzeigen: | ||
| + | ls /usr/lib*/xorg/modules/drivers/ | ||
| + | Konfigurationsdatei erzeugen: | ||
| + | X -configure | ||
| + | X testweise starten: | ||
| + | X -probeonly | ||
| + | Logdatei ansehen: | ||
| + | less /var/log/Xorg.0.log | ||
| + | Aufbau Konfigdatei: | ||
| + | egrep 'Section|Identifier|Device|Screen|Monitor' /etc/X11/xorg.conf | ||
| + | grep -- '-->' /var/log/Xorg.0.log | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Debian (5.0) === | ||
| + | dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg | ||
| + | |||
| + | === openSuSE (bis 12.1) === | ||
| + | sax2 | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Centos / Redhat === | ||
| + | system-config-display | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== X Server starten ==== | ||
| + | //So nur zum Testen gedacht, bessere Methoden siehe unten// | ||
| + | |||
| + | Debian: | ||
| + | aptitude install xserver-common | ||
| + | |||
| + | CentOS 7: | ||
| + | yum install xorg-x11-apps | ||
| + | |||
| + | SuSE, Debian, CentOS: | ||
| + | |||
| + | <Strg>+<Alt>+<F2> | ||
| + | X :1 vt8 & | ||
| + | startet einen X-Server auf der Textkonsole 8 mit der laufenden Nr. 1 ( beginnt bei 0 ) im Hintergrund | ||
| + | |||
| + | Der zusätzliche Parameter ''-retro'' erzeugt einen "checkerboard" Hintergrund, wie er früher üblich war. | ||
| + | ==== Dokumentation ==== | ||
| + | * man xorg.conf | ||
| + | * man Xorg | ||
| + | * man Pages zu den Treibern | ||
| + | * [[ http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/XServer ]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== X Client ===== | ||
| + | //So nur zum Testen gedacht// | ||
| + | |||
| + | Debian: | ||
| + | aptitude install xbase-clients | ||
| + | SuSE, Debian, CentOS: | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=localhost:1 | ||
| + | xclock & | ||
| + | xterm & | ||
| + | startet einen X-Client, hier z.B. xclock oder xterm | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== X Windowmanager ===== | ||
| + | ==== Debian ==== | ||
| + | aptitude install wmaker | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=localhost:1 | ||
| + | wmaker & | ||
| + | startet einen Windowmanager, hier z.B. windowmaker | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== SuSE ==== | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=localhost:1 | ||
| + | twm & | ||
| + | startet einen Windowmanager, hier z.B. twm | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== RockyLinux (8) ==== | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=:1 | ||
| + | icewm & | ||
| + | startet einen Windowmanager, hier z.B. icewm | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====== X Window System starten ====== | ||
| + | ===== startx ===== | ||
| + | startx /usr/bin/twm -- :1 vt8 & | ||
| + | oder | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''~/.xinitrc'' bzw. ''/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc'': | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=:1 | ||
| + | /usr/bin/xclock & | ||
| + | exec /usr/bin/twm | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''~/.xserverrc'' : | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | exec /usr/bin/Xorg :1 vt8 | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''/etc/X1.hosts'' : | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | localhost | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | |||
| + | startx | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== X Display Manager ===== | ||
| + | siehe [[xdm]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Standard-Desktop ändern ==== | ||
| + | === Debian === | ||
| + | KDE zum Standard Desktop Manager machen: | ||
| + | debconf-set-selections <<KDM | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | kdm shared/default-x-display-manager select kdm | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | KDM | ||
| + | aptitude install kde | ||
| + | oder | ||
| + | dpkg-reconfigure kdm | ||
| + | |||
| + | KDE zur Standard-Sitzung machen: | ||
| + | update-alternatives --set x-session-manager /usr/bin/startkde | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====== xhost ====== | ||
| + | ==== X-Server Rechner ==== | ||
| + | unsicheren Zugriff auf X-Server über Port 6000/tcp erlauben: | ||
| + | === gdm === | ||
| + | ''/etc/gdm/custom.conf'' : ( CentOS 5 ) | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | [security] | ||
| + | DisallowTCP=false | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | pkill gdm | ||
| + | |||
| + | === kde === | ||
| + | ''/etc/X11/xdm/kdmrc'' : ( KDE ) | ||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | ServerArgsLocal= | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === xhost === | ||
| + | xhost + | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== X-Client Rechner ==== | ||
| + | export DISPLAY=server:0 | ||
| + | xterm | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====== xauth ====== | ||
| + | xauth cookies anzeigen: | ||
| + | xauth list | ||
| + | |||
| + | xauth cookies von anderem Benutzer (nutzer21) übernehmen: | ||
| + | xauth merge ~nutzer21/.Xauthority | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== sudo / pam ==== | ||
| + | xauth cookies bei [[sudo]] setzen: | ||
| + | |||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | session optional pam_xauth.so | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | ====== X gemeinsam nutzen ====== | ||
| + | === Debian === | ||
| + | Pakete: | ||
| + | x2x | ||
| + | |||
| + | ssh -X nutzer01@notebook01 x2x -east -to :0.0 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====== TrueType Schriften installieren ====== | ||
| + | ===== Debian ===== | ||
| + | apt-get install msttcorefonts x-ttcidfont-conf | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ====== TrackPoint ====== | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ''/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/01-trackpoint.conf'' : | ||
| + | |||
| + | <file> | ||
| + | Section "InputClass" | ||
| + | Identifier "Wheel Emulation" | ||
| + | MatchIsPointer "on" | ||
| + | MatchProduct "TrackPoint" | ||
| + | Option "EmulateWheelButton" "2" | ||
| + | Option "EmulateWheel" "on" | ||
| + | EndSection | ||
| + | </file> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Beide Befehle sollten nach jedem systemstart mit root-Rechten ausgeführt werden. (genauer pfad in /sys muss je nach Hardware angepasst werden.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | echo -n 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/sensitivity | ||
| + | |||
| + | echo -n 180 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/speed | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ====== Dokus & Links ====== | ||
| + | * [[ http://www.linux-magazin.de/heft_abo/ausgaben/2006/12/x_servieren?category=0 | Einführung zu X aus dem Linux-Magazin ]] | ||
| + | * [[ https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MultiseatX | Ein PC, mehrere Monitore für mehrere Benutzer ]] | ||
| + | * [[ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System | Wikipedia zum X Window System ]] | ||
| + | * [[ http://blog.mecheye.net/2012/06/the-linux-graphics-stack/ | The Linux Graphics Stack ]] | ||
| + | * X11 unter Windows: | ||
| + | * http://x.cygwin.com/ | ||
| + | * http://xming.sf.net | ||